Ovarian cyst is a very common issues among women. Most of the time it’s not necessary to go under surgery, but it can cause infertility if not treated properly and on time.
What it Ovarian Cyst?
A type of tumor in the ovary that can be either benign or malignant. The most common type known as functional, usually appears during the ovulation process. The other types happen because the unorganized growth of the organ’s cells.
Ovarian Cyst Causes
The cyst that appears for the undetermined multiplication of the cells of the superficial layer of the ovary (epithelium) does not have definitive causes.
The functional appears in women with hormonal irregularity. Another very strong factor that causes the cyst is the genetic.
Types of ovarian cysts
Functional
They are the most common type of ovarian cyst. They are formed during the ovulation process, period in which the woman produces small nodules that must be expelled in the menstruation. When they are not dismissed, it forms the cyst. They tend to diminish over time.
Serosos
This type secretes a clear, transparent and with low viscosity liquid. With different characteristics of the functional, the seroso don’t diminish over time. In contrast, it tends to grow. It is easier to treat it if detected in the earlier stage.
Teratoma
They have in its interior tallow, hair and even tooth. They are formed by embryonic cells (presents in the ovary) that they are multiplied in improper place. They are little specific cells and they determine some characteristics at the same time.
Endometriose
They are constituted by cells of the endometrium (layer formed during the reproductive cycle and is monthly expelled in the menstruation). In its interior, it has a bloody liquid with a chocolate color.
Malignant
They are the ovarian cancer and they occur in about 1% of the women – in special in women over 50 years old. If not diagnosed and treated on time, it will probably kill the person.
How the cysts are discovered
The specialist recognizes the cyst for the clinical examination when it measures about four centimeters. For the touch during the examination, the doctor notices the increase in size of the ovary. Even having the clinical examination, the best way to determine the type of cyst is the intravaginal sonogram-type of rigorous examination that shows details of the tumor.
Treatment
What determines the treatment is the evaluation of the size and the type of cyst based on the sonogram.
Puncture
1 – Guided for the sonogram, the specialist introduces into the vagina a special needle until it reaches the interior of the cyst.
2 – The liquid in the interior is inhaled, making with that the cyst withers.
3 – In order to dehydrates the cyst, alcohol is placed inside its walls.
Surgery
The technique with little harmful effect to the organism is the Laparoscopy. With small cuts and guided by a minicamera of video, the specialist separates the cyst of the wall of the ovary before removes it.
Contraceptive
It can be used either for the treatment or for the prevention. It is the best option in cases of small functional cysts. The medicine makes the ovary rest, facilitating the regression of the cysts or avoiding the formation of more cysts.
Symptoms
The majority of the cysts does not present symptoms. When they appear, here are some:
* Abdominal pain;
* Increase of abdomen;
* Alteration in the menstrual cycle;
* Loss of weight (in cases of malignant cyst).
Tips
* It is basic that the women make periodic examinations – at least once a year – to avoid or to prevent the uncontrolled growth of the cyst;
* Always control the menstruation cycle. If you notice constant variations, visit your doctor;
* Never take contraceptive without medical supervision. Women who suffer from problems as high blog pressure, varicose veins, obesity, etc, can have health problems with the use of contraceptive;
* The polycystic ovary syndrome is a different type of illness and rarely need surgery.
